Newsflash

A news article in German referencing Kern & Crippen (2008).

Kern, C., & Crippen, K. J. (2008). Mapping for Conceptual Change. The Science Teacher. 75(September), 32-38.

Vintage

Crippen

Exam-PLE

Exam-PLE is a worked example powerful learning environment that scaffolds the development of fundamental strategies for well-structured problem solving. This is the first known project to use the Web to deliver meaningful example-based learning.



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Powerful learning environments tend to be defined in terms of the outcomes they seek—the development of complex higher order skills, deep conceptual understanding, and metacognitive capabilities, such as self-regulated learning. Consequently, research in powerful learning environments tends to be interdisciplinary, drawing from a variety of fields, including psychology, instructional design, and instructional technology.

-DeCorte, E., Vershaffel, L., Entwistle, N., & VanMerrienboer, J. J. G. (Eds.). (2003). Powerful Learning Environments: Unravelling basic components and dimensions: Pergamon: Elsevier.

Rationale

Theory suggests that studying worked examples and engaging in self-explanation will improve learning and problem solving. Further, a growing body of evidence supports the use of Web-based assessments for improving performance in traditional large enrollment courses. Our research focuses on the impact of combing these techniques. Initial results suggest that introductory college chemistry students: a) use both worked examples and strategy suggestions embedded within Web-based quiz items, b) students perceive this intervention to be effective, and c) use of the enhancements are significantly correlated to performance. Our current studies seek to better understand the impact of the worked examples/self-explanation intervention on problem solving, student self-efficacy, and goal orientation

Faculty Graduate Students
Kent J. Crippen
Department of Curriculum and Instruction
University of Nevada Las Vegas
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Kevin D. Biesinger
Department of Educational Psychology
Learning and Technology PhD Program
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MaryKay Orgill
Department of Chemistry
University of Nevada Las Vegas
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Kevin Kirk
Department of Educational Psychology
Learning and Technology PhD Program

Krista Muis
Department of Educational and Counselling Psychology
McGill University
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Exam-PLE Instruments and Examples Print
 
Exam-PLE Results Print

Dissertations

Kirk, K. (2008). Performance, Perception and Choice of Animated Pedagogical Agent. University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada.

Biesinger, K. D. (2008). The Effects Of Feedback Protocol And Learning Environment Perceptions On Self-Regulated Learning. University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada.

Papers

Biesenger, K. D., & Crippen, K. J., (under review). The effects of feedback protocol on self regulated learning. Computers & Education.

Crippen, K. J., Biesinger, K. D., Muis, K. R., & Orgill, M. (2009). Scaffolding motivation through the use of worked examples. Journal of Interactive Learning Research, 20(4), 385-403.

Crippen, K. J., & Earl, B. L. (2007). The impact of Web-based worked examples and self-explanation on performance, problem solving, and self-efficacy. Computers & Education, 49(3), 809-821.

Crippen, K. J., & Earl, B. L. (2004). Considering the Efficacy of Web-based Worked Examples In Introductory Chemistry. Journal of Computers in Mathematics and Science Teaching, 23(2), 175-191.

Presentations

Crippen, K. J., Biesenger, K. D., & Orgill, M. (2007, 4/16). Achievement Goal Orientation as a Predictor for Learning in an Online Environment for Undergraduate Chemistry. Paper presented at the National Association of Research in Science Teaching, New Orleans, LA.

Earl, B. L., Biesenger, K. D., & Crippen, K. J. (2006). Student use of Web-based materials in general chemistry: What are they using and what does it mean for instruction? Paper presented at the Western Regional Meeting of the American Chemical Society, Anaheim, CA.

Crippen, K. J., & Earl, B. (2005, 6/29). Improving Student Self-Regulation with a Web-based Assessment System. Paper presented at the Gordon Research Conference on Chemical Education, New London, CT.

Earl, B. L., & Crippen, K. J. (2004, 10/29). Assessing the Efficacy of Web-based Worked Examples in General Chemistry. Paper presented at the American Chemical Society Western Regional Meeting, Sacramento, CA.

Earl, B. L., & Crippen, K. J. (2004, 1/6). Improving Student Performance Through Web-based Worked Examples. Paper presented at the Gordon Research Conference: Chemistry Education Research & Practice, Ventura, CA.

Earl, B., & Crippen, K. J. (2003, 10/16). The Efficacy of Web-Based Worked Examples in General Chemistry. Paper presented at the Western Regional Meeting of the American Chemical Society, Long Beach, CA.

Crippen, K. J., & Earl, B. (2003, 10/18). Improving Student Performance with Web-based Worked Examples. Paper presented at the Southwest Regional Meeting of the American Chemical Society, Oklahoma City, OK.

Earl, B. L., & Crippen, K. J. (2002, 11/4). Web-based Worked Examples and Student Performance in General Chemistry. Paper presented at the Southwest Regional Meeting of the American Chemical Society, Austin, TX.

Earl, B. L., & Crippen, K. J. (2002, 8/22). Web-based Worked Examples and Student Performance in General Chemistry. Paper presented at the 224th American Chemical Society National Meeting, Boston, MA.

Crippen, K. J., & Earl, B. L. (2002, 7/30). The Impact of Web-based Worked Examples on Student Performance in Introductory Chemistry. Paper presented at the Bienniel Conference on Chemical Education, Bellingham, WA.

 
Exam-PLE In a Nut Shell Print

This project is focused on the development of a Web-based learning environment for well-structured problem solving. Well-structured problem solving involves formulating and applying one clear methodology that produces a known solution.

Students have access to a Web-accessible, multiple-choice content quiz for one week. At UNLV, the quiz is available from a link within Webcampus (WebCT-Vista). During this period, students may modify their responses at any time as their skills and understanding of the material change. This is a learning tool where the intent is to engage them in studying the examples we provide in order to learn chemistry and solve the problems. At the end of the week, the quizzes are graded and correct answers are provided. Students who do not achieve at least 80% are offered a re-take. The re-take is identical in form and function, but includes unique, yet conceptually similar items. The item stems on the re-take quizzes are different, but the worked examples accompanying each item remain the same. Quiz items are selected from a pool and response options are randomized, so the likelihood of two students getting identical quizzes is small.

Each quiz item includes three embedded worked examples in the form of buttons following the item stem. When a student clicks an example button, a new window opens presenting the worked example and additional information in the form of a unique self-explanation prompt. We are actively trying to get students to talk to themselves as they study the examples. Quiz items were written and assigned based upon content, level of difficulty, and problem characteristics. Quiz content is matched with the weekly lecture topics and worked examples were built in support of techniques taught in lecture and described in the textbook.

Within the context of our Web-based learning system, previous research has shown that students make extensive use of the worked examples and self-report that these strategies are helpful for improving both their learning and performance. Further, we have shown that the combination of a worked example with a self-explanation prompt positively impacts their performance in the course and motivation towards learning chemistry.

 
Exam-PLE Student Views Print

Below is an example student screen from within Webcampus. Access the Exam-PLE system appears as a link labeled Quizzes.

Once the student selects the Quizzes link, they select their name from the list. If their name doesn't appear on the list, the have an email link to Dr. Crippen.

The student enters their password (their initials and last for digits of their l-number).

The main screen provides a graphic showing their progress, access to the active quizzes (they can change their responses; no answers), and access to previous quizzes (they cannot change their responses; correct answers).

Finally, an example quiz.

Example buttons are always active.